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Important Carbon Compounds
Important Carbon Compounds
Properties of two commercially important compounds – ethanol and ethanoic acid.
Properties of ethyl alcohol.
The molecular formula of ethyl alcohol is C2H5OH, and its IUPAC name is ethanol. It is the active ingredient of all alcoholic drinks. It is also called grain alcohol and spirit of wine
Ethanol can be manufactured through fermentation of molasses.
Physical properties of ethyl alcohol.
1. Colorless, inflammable, sweet smelling liquid that burns with a blue flame.
2. miscible with water,
3. good solvent
Consumption of small quantities of dilute ethanol can cause drunkenness. Absolute alcohol which is pure form of alcohol when consumed even in small quantities is proven to be fatal.
To prevent the misuse of ethanol that is produced for industrial use, it is made unfit by adding methanol to it. To identify it easily, dyes are added to it, this is called denatured alcohol.
Chemical properties of alcohol
1. Reaction of ethanol with sodium
2Na + 2CH3CH2OH →2CH3CH2O-Na+ + H2
2. Reaction of ethyl alcohol with concentrated sulphuric acid
The organic compounds containing carboxylic group (COOH) are known as carboxylic acids. Acetic acid whose IUPAC name is ethanoic acid is a carboxylic acid. Vinegar is 5-8% solution of acetic acid in water.
Reaction of ethyl alcohol with acidified potassium dichromate
As the melting point of acetic acid is very low it often freezes in cold countries and hence the name glacial acetic acid. Compared to mineral acids acetic acid is a weak acid.
Chemical properties of acetic acid.
Reaction of acetic acid with sodium carbonate:
Esterification reaction:
An ester is formed when an acid and alcohol react.. Esters are sweet smelling substances which are used in making perfumes and as flavouring agents.
Saponification reaction:
