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CBSE - VII
Plane Figures
Plane Figures
The area of the parallelogram is given by base x height.
Lesson Demo
Triangle:
A triangle is a polygon with three vertices, and three sides or edges that are line
segments. A triangle with vertices A, B, and C is
denoted as 
ABC
The perimeter of a triangle is the sum of the lengths of its sides. If the three sides are a, b, and c, then perimeter 
The area of a triangle is the space enclosed by its three sides. It is given by the formula, 
where b is the base and h is the altitude.
A simple closed figure bounded by four line segments is called a quadrilateral.
Various types of quadrilateral are:
- Rectangle
- Square
- Parallelogram
- Rhombus
A rectangle is a quadrilateral with opposite sides equal, and each angle of measure 90o.
The perimeter of a rectangle is twice the sum of the lengths of its adjacent sides.
In the figure, the perimeter of rectangle ABCD = 2(AB + BC).
The area of a rectangle is the product of its length and breadth.
In the figure, the area of rectangle ABCD = AB x BC.
A square is a quadrilateral with four equal sides, and each angle of measure 90o.
The perimeter of a square with side s units is 4s.
In the figure, the perimeter of square ABCD = 4AB or 4BC or 4CD or 4DA.
The area of a square with side s is s2
In the figure, the perimeter of square ABCD = AB2 or BC2 or CD2 or DA2.
A quadrilateral in which both the pairs of opposite sides are parallel is called a parallelogram.
The perimeter of a parallelogram is twice the sum of the lengths of the adjacent sides.
In the figure, the perimeter of parallelogram ABCD = 2(AB + BC)
The area of a parallelogram is the product of its base and perpendicular height or altitude.
Any side of a parallelogram can be taken as the base. The perpendicular dropped on that side from the opposite vertex is known as the height (altitude).
In the figure, the area of parallelogram ABCD = AB x DE or AD x BF.
A parallelogram in which the adjacent sides are equal is called a rhombus.
The perimeter and area of a rhombus can be calculated using the same formulae as that for a parallelogram.
