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CBSE - VI
Basic Constructions
Basic Constructions Ruler, Compass, Divider, Set squares, Protractor
Lesson Demo
The tools in our geometry box are:
- Ruler
- Compass
- Divider
- Set squares
- Protractor
The description of each tool and its uses are given below:
Ruler:
A ruler is a flat and straight-edged strip, whose one side is graduated into centimetres and the other into inches. A ruler is commonly called a scale. It is the most essential tool in geometry. It is used in all constructions.
The basic uses of a ruler are:
- Measuring lengths of line segments.
- Drawing line segments.
Compass:
A compass has two ends. One end holds a pointer, while the other end holds a pencil. It is also called a pair of compasses.
The basic uses of a compass are:
- Marking off equal lengths.
- Drawing arcs.
- Drawing circles.
Divider:
A divider is a tool similar in shape to a compass. It has a pair of pointer ends.
The basic uses of a divider are:
- Comparing lengths of line segments.
- Helping avoid positioning errors.
- Taking accurate measurements.
Set squares:
The two triangular tools in the geometry box are called set squares. One of the set square is an isosceles triangle with two angles measuring 
each. The other set square is a scalene triangle with two angles measuring 
and 
each. The two perpendicular sides of either set square are graduated into centimetres.
The basic uses of set squares are:
- Drawing perpendicular lines.
- Drawing parallel lines.
Protractor:
A semi-circular tool with degrees marked is called a protractor. The centre of the semicircle is called the midpoint of the protractor. This point helps as a reference point for the protractor. The horizontal line is called the base line or the straight edge of the protractor.
The basic uses of a protractor are:
- Measuring angles.
- Drawing angles.
The important points to be remembered while using the tools for construction are:
- Draw smooth and thin lines.
- Mark points lightly.
- Maintain tools or instruments with sharp pointers and fine edges.
- Keep two pencils in the box. One is for drawing lines and marking points. The other is for using in the compass.
