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CBSE - IX
Transmission of Diseases
Transmission of Diseases
Common ways of transmission of diseases includes direct contact, air, water, food and other animals. Overcrowded and poorly ventilated housing is a main factor in the spread of airborne diseases. Cholera is a water borne disease. Syphilis and AIDS are diseases caused by physical contact. Organisms that carry microbes from a sick person to a healthy person are called vectors. Rabies and malaria are diseases caused by animals. Common effects of a infectious disease is activation of immune system and inflammation. Immune system recruits many cells to the affected tissue to kill the infectious agents, a process called inflammation. Treatment of infectious diseases involves either reducing the effects of the disease or eliminate the cause of the disease. Antibiotics are more effective against bacterial infections. Anti-viral drugs are meant for treating viral diseases.
Problems faced in treatment of diseases involves damage of body functions or may never recover completely. Prevention of infectious diseases is better than cure. There is an important role of immune system in prevention of infectious diseases. Person infected with chicken pox won’t get the disease again, because of our body cells that react against microbes and remember by producing memory cells. Immunization is the protection of individuals from communicable diseases by administration of a suspension of killed micro-organisms. A hundred years ago, smallpox epidemics were common throughout the world. Virus like smallpox was eliminated from the world through vaccines, a process called vaccinations. First vaccine was developed against small pox by Edward Jenner, hence called "Father of Immunology".
