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CBSE - IX
Quadrilateral and Its Types
We know that a quadrilateral has four sides, four angles, four vertices and two diagonals. Quadrilaterals can be classified into different types based on their sides and angles.
In case of rectangle and square, all the angles are right angles, the opposite sides are parallel, and the diagonals bisect each other. In a rectangle, the opposite sides are equal, whereas in a square, all the sides are equal. Hence, a square is a rectangle with adjacent sides equal.
A parallelogram is a quadrilateral in which the opposite sides are parallel and equal in length. In a parallelogram, the opposite angles are equal and the diagonals bisect each other. In a parallelogram, the angles are not right angles. When we compare a parallelogram with a rectangle, we see that it is different from the rectangle in terms of the measure of its angles.
A rhombus is a quadrilateral in which all the sides are equal in length, the opposite sides are parallel, the opposite angles are equal and the diagonals bisect each other at right angles. A square is a rhombus in which, each angle measures 900. Squares, rectangles and rhombuses are all examples of parallelograms.
A trapezium is a quadrilateral in which one pair of opposite sides is parallel. A trapezium with the non-parallel sides equal and the base angles equal is known as an isosceles trapezium.
A kite is a quadrilateral in which two pairs of adjacent sides are equal in length and one pair of opposite angles, “the ones that are between the sides of unequal length,” are equal in measure and the diagonals intersect at right angles.
